In This Issue:
Borers of Peach, Cherry and Plum Trees
Insecticides Used to Manage Borers of Peach, Cherry, and Plum Trees
Degree Day Accumulations
Apple Marketing Aids
Pest Phenology
Fruit Observations & Trap Reports
The peachtree borer, lesser peachtree borer, and shothole borer often infest peach, apricot, cherry, and plum trees. Peachtree borers infest the trunk at the soil line, while lesser peachtree borers infest scaffold limbs and the upper trunk. The peachtree borer is primarily a pest of young trees, wheareas the lesser peachtree borer is a pest of older trees. The shothole borer is often found in trees of low vigor with dead and/or diseased limbs.
Moths of the two peachtree borers lay their eggs on the surface of the bark; shothole beetles lay their eggs in the inner bark. Some of the regularly applied cover sprays aid in controlling borers; however, specific trunk and scaffold branch sprays are often required. Pheromone traps are available to monitor emergence of the adult (moth) stage of lesser peachtree borer and peachtree borer. Knowledge of the time of initial moth emergence and peak emergence can aid in proper timing of insecticide applications, because insecticides target the hatching eggs laid by the newly emerged moths.
Lesser Peachtree Borer
| Material | Rate/100 gal |
| Lorsban 4 EC * | 1.5 - 3 qt |
| OR Thiodan 3 EC ** | 1 qt |
| OR Thiodan 50 WP ** | 1.5 lb |
| OR Asana XL 0.66 EC | 2 - 5.8 fl oz |
| Rate/Acre | |
| OR Asana XL 0.66 EC | 4.8 - 14.5 fl oz |
| OR Ambush 2 EC | 6.4 - 19.2 fl oz |
| OR Ambush 25 WP | 6.4 - 19.2 oz |
| OR Pounce 25 WP | 6.4 - 25.6 oz |
| OR Pounce 3.2 EC | 4 - 12 fl oz |
| OR Lorsban 50 WP *** | 2 - 3 lb |
| OR Warrior 1 E | 2.5 - 5.1 fl oz |
| OR Isomate LPTB**** | 100 - 250 dispensers |
Comments for lesser peachtree borer
The pheromone trap for lesser peachtree borer should be in place by peach petal fall (usually mid to late April), in time to detect the first of the two generations of this pest. Lorsban is not labeled for use on plums. Use only Pounce, Ambush, Thiodan or Warrior on plums. Where lesser peachtree borer has been a light-to-moderate problem, apply insecticide once at the peak of the second moth flight (often mid- August, usually post-harvest). Where lesser peachtree borer has been a moderate to heavy problem, make two applications: one 7 to 14 days after emergence of first-generation moths begins (spray mid-May to early June), and the second at the peak of the second-generation moth flight (often mid-August).
Peachtree Borer
| Material | Rate/100 gal |
| Lorsban 4 EC* | 3 qt |
| OR Asana XL 0.66 EC | 2 - 5.8 fl oz |
| OR Thiodan 50 WP ** | 1.5 lb |
| OR Thiodan 3 EC ** | 1 qt |
| Rate/Acre | |
| OR Lorsban 50 WP *** | 2 - 3 lb |
| OR Warrior 1 E | 2.5 - 5.1 fl oz |
| OR Isomate-p**** | 100 - 250 dispensers |
Comments for peachtree borer
The pheromone trap for peachtree borer should be in place by early June to detect the first emergence of the single generation of this pest. Where peachtree borer has been a light to moderate problem, make a single spray at the time of peak moth emergence (usually in late July or early August). Where peachtree borer has been a moderate to heavy problem, make two applications, one 7 to 14 days after moth emergence begins and another 6 to 8 weeks later.
Comments for shothole borer
Shothole borer insecticide sprays are not effective. Maintain tree health and vigor, prune dead and dying limbs, and remove dead trees to prevent beetle problems.
Notes:
*Lorsban 4 EC:
Apply as trunk spray; do not contact fruit. On
peach or nectarine, do not make more than one
application per season, nor within 14 days of harvest;
on cherry, make two pre-harvest applications (the last
one at least 6 days before harvest) and one post-harvest application.
** Thiodan 3 EC or 50 WP:
Do not make more than two applications
during the fruiting period, nor within 21 days of
harvest of peach, nectarine, or cherry.
***Lorsban 50 W:
Labeled for borer control on sour cherry, but
not on sweet cherry, peach, or nectarine.
****Mating Disruption for Peach Pests:
Several mating disruption products are
registered for control of Oriental fruit moth, lesser
peachtree borer, and peachtree borer. They dispense
species-specific sex attractants that are designed to
prevent male moths from locating and mating with
females. This strategy is most likely to succeed in
blocks of at least 5 acres, where initial populations of
these pests are low. If mating disruption is used in
smaller blocks or where infestations are greater,
border sprays or additional sprays may be necessary.
Mating disruption will not manage other insect pests
that are normally controlled by cover sprays (plum
curculio, green June beetle, and plant bugs). Mating
disruption has been effective against Oriental fruit
moth. Although Isomate-LPTB is labeled for both
lesser peachtree borer and peachtree borer, efficacy
for borer control is still unknown.
Location |
Degree Day Accumulations Base 50º F | |
|
Normal |
Actual | |
| Akron-Canton | 1940 | 2048 |
| Cincinnati | 2493 | 2672 |
| Cleveland | 2027 | 2009 |
| Columbus | 2437 | 2303 |
| Dayton | 2301 | 2378 |
| Kingsville | 1835 | 1884 |
| Mansfield | 1928 | 2029 |
| Norwalk | 2076 | 2006 |
| Piketon | 2485 | 2594 |
| Toledo | 2065 | 2005 |
| Wooster | 2078 | 1905 |
| Youngstown | 1826 | 1859 |
The Ohio Apple Marketing Program continues to make available two popular apple marketing aids. A market handout features 18 of Ohio's Favorite Apples and Their Uses on the front-side and favorite apple recipes on the back-side. A display box of 500 handouts costs $15 (including shipping and handling). To view the display box and handout, click on: http://www.ofbf.org/oamp/oampwebengine.nsf/$LookupFilesType/pa040023web.jpg/$File/pa040023web.jpg.
Attractive, durable metal signs, measuring 24 by 36 inches, are adorned with a color picture of Ohio's bountiful apples above a writeable surface for your advertising messages. Signs are reasonably priced at $30. The handouts and signs are available for order from the Ohio Apple Marketing Program, P.O. Box 182383, Columbus, OH 43218. The items are also available for immediate pickup from Glen Hill Orchards, Mount Vernon and Eshleman Fruit Farm, Clyde. You will save shipping charges for the signs by visiting one of these two farms.
| Coming Events | Degree Day Accum. Base 50º F |
| Codling moth 2nd flight peak | 1337 - 1977 |
| Apple maggot flight peak | 1458 - 1770 |
| San Jose scale 2nd flight peak | 1459 - 1805 |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer 3rd flight begins | 1532 - 1872 |
| Lesser appleworm 2nd flight peak | 1554 - 2292 |
| Oriental fruit moth 3rd flight begins | 1613 - 1901 |
| Obliquebanded leafroller 2nd flight peak | 1779 - 2117 |
| Redbanded leafroller 3rd flight begins | 1812 - 2092 |
Thanks to Art Agnello, Cornell University
Site: Waterman Lab, Columbus
Dr. Celeste Welty, OSU Extension Entomologist
| Apple 8/11 to 8/18/04 | |
| Redbanded leafroller | 38 up from 27 |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | 2016 down from 2186 |
| San Jose scale | 9 down from 40 |
| Codling moth | 8.0 down from 17.7 |
| Lesser appleworm | 5 down from 13 |
| Tufted apple budmoth | 4 down from 6 |
| Variegated leafroller | 4 down from 5 |
| Obliquebanded leafroller | 0 same as last wk. |
| Apple maggot (sum of 3 traps) | 0 down from 9 |
Site: Holmes, Wayne, and Wayne Counties
Ron Becker, IPM Program Assistant
| Apple: 8/4 to 8/11/04 | |
| Redbanded leafroller | Holmes: 2 same as last wk. |
| Wayne: 5.7 up from 4.3 | |
| Medina: 5.5 up from 3.8 | |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | Holmes: 600 up from 240 |
| Wayne: 1060 down from 1060 | |
| Medina: 1155 not available | |
| Oriental fruit moth | Holmes: 0 same as last wk |
| Wayne: 0 same as last wk | |
| Medina: 0 same as last wk | |
| Codling moth | Holmes: 4.0 up from 1.3 |
| Wayne: 18.2 up from 13.8 | |
| Medina: 3.3 down from 5.1 | |
| Apple maggot (sum of 3 red ball traps, no lure) | Holmes: 4 down from 4 |
| Wayne: 0.7 up from 0 | |
| Medina:0.5 down from 1 | |
| Lesser appleworm | Wayne: 2 down from 11 |
| Peach: 8/4 to 8/11/04 | |
| Peachtree borer | Holmes: 3 down from 4 |
| Wayne: 2 down from 6 | |
| Medina: 0 same as last wk (using mating disruption) | |
| Lesser peachtree borer | Holmes: 0 same as last wk |
| Wayne: 7 up from 2 | |
| Medina: 0 same as last wk (using mating disruption) | |
| Apple: 8/11 to 8/18/04 | |
| Redbanded leafroller | Holmes: 8 up from 2 |
| Wayne: 6.0 up from 5.7 | |
| Medina: 8.8 up from 5.5 | |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | Holmes: 420 down from 600 |
| Wayne: 282 down from 446 | |
| Medina: 510 down from 1155 | |
| Oriental fruit moth | Holmes: 0 same as last wk |
| Wayne: 0 same as last wk | |
| Medina: 0 same as last wk | |
| Codling moth | Holmes: 4.7 up from 4.0 |
| Wayne: 21.6 up from 18.2 | |
| Medina: 2.4 down from 3.3 | |
| Apple maggot (sum of 3 red ball traps, no lure) | Holmes: 2 up from 0 |
| Wayne: 1 up from 0.7 | |
| Medina: 0.8 up from 0.5 | |
| Lesser appleworm | Wayne: 9 down from 2 |
| Peach: 8/4 to 8/11/04 | |
| Peachtree borer | Holmes: 0 down from 3 |
| Wayne: 3 up from 2 | |
| Medina: 0 same as last wk (using mating disruption) | |
| Lesser peachtree borer | Holmes: 0 same as last wk |
| Wayne: 4 down from 7 | |
| Medina: 0 same as last wk (using mating disruption) | |
Site: West District; Huron, Ottawa, Richland, and
Sandusky Counties
Lowell Kreager, IPM Scout/Technician
| Apple 8/10 to 8/17/04 | |
| Apple maggot (3 trap sum) | 0.0 same as last week |
| Codling moth | 1.9 down from 2.9 |
| Lesser appleworm | 3.4 down from 4.1 |
| Oriental fruit moth | 0.3 down from 0.5 |
| Redbanded leafroller | 11.7 up from 11.3 |
| San Jose scale | 3.8 up from 0.1 |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | 1081 up from 566 |
| Peach 8/10 to 8/17/04 | |
| Lesser peachtree borer | 3.2 up from 1.7 |
| Oriental fruit moth | 1.3 up from 0.7 |
| Peachtree borer | 1.0 up from 0.8 |
| Redbanded leafroller | 13.4 down from 14.8 |
Beneficials include lacewings and lady beetles
Site: East District; Erie and Lorain Counties
Jim Mutchler, IPM Scout/Technician
| Apple 8/10 to 8/17/04 | |
| Apple maggot (3 trap sum) | 0.9 down from 1.9 |
| Codling moth | 4.7 down from 5.7 |
| Lesser appleworm | 6.0 down from 6.6 |
| Oriental fruit moth | 5.5 down from 6.1 |
| Redbanded leafroller | 5.9 down from 6.2 |
| San Jose scale | 0.0 down from 53.5 |
| Spotted tentiform leafminer | 900 down from 942 |
| Peach 8/10 to 8/17/04 | |
| Lesser peachtree borer | 7.7 up from 5.0 |
| Oriental fruit moth | 8.0 down from 13.0 |
| Peachtree borer | 10.0 down from 10.3 |
| Redbanded leafroller | 4.0 same as last wk. |
Beneficials included lacewing eggs and adults, lady beetles, brown lacewings, stigmaeiid mites, and orange maggots
Ted W. Gastier
Extension Agent, Agriculture
Tree Fruit Team Coordinator
Ohio State University Extension Huron County
180 Milan Avenue
Norwalk, OH 44857
Phone: (419)668-8210
FAX: (419)663-4233
E-mail: gastier.1@osu.edu
Copyright © The Ohio State University 2004
All educational programs conducted by Ohio State University Extension
are available to clientele on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to
race, color, creed, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, gender,
age, disability or Vietnam-era veteran status.
Keith L. Smith, Associate Vice President for Ag. Adm. and Director,
OSU Extension.
TDD No. 800-589-8292 (Ohio only) or 614-292-1868
