Fruit ICM News

In This Issue:

Calendar
A Broken Record - Late Season Internal Apple Pests
Apple Lovers Love Ohio Apples
Degree Day Accumulations
Pest Phenology
Fruit Observations & Trap Reports
Terminal Market Wholesale Fruit Prices September 1, 2004
Preliminary Monthly Climatological Data for Selected Ohio Locations, August, 2004

Calendar

September 21-23: Farm Science Review, Molly Caren Agricultural Center, London, Ohio. See 2,100 acres showcasing a dynamic Ohio agricultural industry. For information contact Chuck Gamble at 614-292-4278 or e-mail gamble.19@osu.edu. The web site for the Review is http://frs.osu.edu.

A Broken Record - Late Season Internal Apple Pests

Riding Out the Photoperiod

Probably no one is prepared to conclude that we've gotten into a rut with two of these cool, wet summers in as many years, but continuity does tend to play a role in the occurrence of certain insect problems. We have tried to be mindful this year that most pest occurrences tend to revert ultimately to some long-standing norm if you wait long enough. If we were cynics, we'd speculate that nothing ensures a problem's recurrence more than tending not to pay attention to it; but for now we'll merely observe that very few of the traditional pest insects turned up in numbers we were expecting this season, especially after seemingly taking the 2003 season off.

So to be cautious, we're not ruling out the possibility that, for instance, blocks with a history of internal worm problems might need a last-minute application of a short-PHI material to help stave off the final feeding injury caused by young larvae. Before the harvest period begins in earnest, a fruit examination could help determine whether the last brood of any of the likely species needs a final deterrent before the sprayer is put away. Some thought might be given to using an alternative material such as a B.t., a pyrethroid, Assail, or a sprayable pheromone, as appropriate.

Apple Lovers Love Ohio Apples

Calling all apple lovers . . . the wait is over! Anyone looking to add variety to their diet with delicious, locally-grown produce will be able to add Ohio apples to their daily fare from now until next spring. The Ohio apple crop is in full production of exceptional varieties with many distinct flavors. These great tasting apples are available at local farm markets, U-pick apple orchards, and grocery stores.

This growing season has been very good to Ohio apple growers. Minimal hot weather, adequate moisture, relatively cool nights, and plenty of sunshine
has produced an apple crop with perfect flavor and great color. According to Bill Gammie, Quarry Hill Orchards in Berlin Heights, "Excellent growing conditions have produced well-colored apples with shiny reds, yellows and mixed colors with remarkable color contrast. Timely rainfall also has produced well-developed fruit with exceptional apple flavor. We're able to supply our customers with different varieties as they mature, so we can satisfy anyone with their favorite apple." Gammie is anticipating his apple harvest to continue into November. During the harvest, apple growers throughout Ohio will stockpile their excess supply in climate controlled storage and market these apples throughout the winter to consumers.

Consumers can eat apples simply for their convenience and great taste, but they also have excellent diet and health benefits. Apples are a source of both soluble and insoluble fiber. Soluble fiber, such as pectin, actually helps to prevent cholesterol buildup in the lining of blood vessel walls, thus reducing the incident of atherosclerosis and heart disease. The insoluble fiber in apples provides bulk in the intestinal tract, holding water to cleanse and move food quickly through the digestive system. It is a good idea to eat apples with their skin. Almost half of the vitamin C content is just underneath the skin. Eating the skin also increases insoluble fiber content. Most of an apple's fragrance cells also are concentrated in the skin, and as apples ripen, the skin cells develop more aroma and flavor. Apples also are a great addition to school lunches and after-school snack menus.

Many growers sponsor a festival at their orchard or farm market to enhance the enjoyment of eating apples fresh from the tree. This is a great opportunity for a wagon ride to the orchard, allows children the experience of picking their own fruit, and provides a visible connection to the food supply. Many of these festivals also have other fresh fruits and vegetables available and may allow for selection of the family Halloween pumpkin. Information about these festivals can be found at the apple growers' web site, http://www.ohioapples.org or the Ohio Fruit Growers Society's web site: http://www.ohiofruit.org. Other web sites with farm market directories are Ohio Proud: http://www.ohioproud.org or the Ohio Direct Marketing Association's web site: http://www.farmtomarkets.com. For a great family activity, visit your local U-pick orchard or farm festival.

Degree Day Accumulations for Ohio Sites September 1, 2004

Location	Degree Day Accumulations Base 50º F
	Normal	Actual
Akron-Canton	2196	2349
Cincinnati	2820	3017
Cleveland	2298	2343
Columbus	2755	2695
Dayton	2600	2978
Fremont	2149	2382
Kingsville	2097	2128
Mansfield	2189	2320
Norwalk	2348	2286
Piketon	2810	2720
Toledo	2341	2360
Wooster	2353	2225
Youngstown	2069	2162

Pest Phenology

Thanks to Art Agnello, Cornell University

Fruit Observations & Trap Reports

Site: Waterman Lab, Columbus
Dr. Celeste Welty, OSU Extension Entomologist

Apple 8/25 to 9/1/04
Redbanded leafroller	20 down from 21
Spotted tentiform leafminer	2473 up from 2436
San Jose scale	2 down from 9
Codling moth	6.7 down from 11.0
Lesser appleworm	19 down from 22
Tufted apple budmoth	2 up from 1
Variegated leafroller	8 up from 6
Obliquebanded leafroller	0 same as last wk
Apple maggot (sum of 3 traps)	19 down from 38

Site: Holmes, Wayne, and Wayne Counties
Ron Becker, IPM Program Assistant

Apple: 8/18 to 8/25/04
Redbanded leafroller	Holmes: 11 down from 13
	Wayne: 6.7 down from 7
	Medina: 18 up from 8.5
Spotted tentiform leafminer	Holmes: 180 down from 600
	Wayne: 40 down from 200
	Medina: 142 down from 622
Oriental fruit moth	Holmes: 0 same as last wk
	Wayne: 0 same as last wk
	Medina: 0 same as last wk
Codling moth	Holmes: .7 down from 1.7
	Wayne: 10.2 down from 15.1
	Medina: 1.8 down from 2.4
Apple maggot (sum of 3 red ball traps, no lure)	Holmes: 4 down from 8
	Wayne: 0.6 up from 0.3
	Medina: 1 up from 0.8
Lesser appleworm	Wayne: 14 up from 10
Peach 8/18 to 8/25/04
Lesser peachtree borer	Holmes: 2 up from 0
	Wayne: 12 up from 11
	Medina: 0 same as last wk (using mating disruption)
Peachtree borer	Holmes: 0 same as last wk
	Wayne: 0 down from 3
	Medina: 0 same as last wk (using mating disruption)

Ron's Notes: Light ERM and aphids with many with many beneficials present. In one block that was NOT sprayed for aphids due to the presence of beneficials (mainly orange maggots and lady bugs), the aphid population had been reduced by two-thirds within a week's time. The few remaining clusters of aphids continued to have beneficials actively feeding on them. Beneficial mites (A. fallacis) were also present. Peach harvest should be complete within a week.

Site: West District; Huron, Ottawa, Richland, and Sandusky Counties
Lowell Kreager, IPM Scout/Technician

Apple 8/24 to 8/31/04
Apple maggot (3 trap sum)	0.0 same as last week
Codling moth	3.2 up from 1.2
Lesser appleworm	8.6 up from 3.4
Oriental fruit moth	2.7 up from 1.5
Redbanded leafroller	33.0 up from 11.9
San Jose scale	0.1 down from 0.1
Spotted tentiform leafminer	210 down from 367
Peach 8/24 to 8/31/04
Lesser peachtree borer	5.7 up from 3.7
Oriental fruit moth	2.3 up from 0.2
Peachtree borer	0.8 down from 1.4
Redbanded leafroller	34.4 up from 16.4

Beneficials include lady beetles and lacewings

Site: East District; Erie and Lorain Counties
Jim Mutchler, IPM Scout/Technician

Apple 8/24 to 8/31/04
Apple maggot (3 trap sum)	3.4 down from 3.8
Codling moth	4.9 up from 3.8
Lesser appleworm	23.0 up from 13.3
Oriental fruit moth	13.0 up from 9.7
Redbanded leafroller	11.4 up from 5.9
San Jose scale	0.0 same as last wk.
Spotted tentiform leafminer	no report
Peach 8/24 to 8/31/04
Lesser peachtree borer	8.4 down from 9.0
Oriental fruit moth	5.8 down from 9.5
Peachtree borer	3.6 down from 7.5
Redbanded leafroller	10.0 up from 6.5

Beneficials include lacewing eggs and adults, lady beetles, and brown lacewings.

Terminal Market Wholesale Fruit Prices September 1, 2004

Apples, cartons 12 3-lb film bags	IL U.S. Fancy Jonathan 2¼" up 16.00	MI U.S. ExFcy Earligold 2½" min 15-15.50 Gala 2½" min 14, 2¼" 12 Ginger Gold 2½" min 12-14 Paula Red 2½" min 13.50-14 NY Ginger Gold 2½" min 18.50-19.00 MI U.S. Fancy Jersey Mac 2½" min 16.00-16.50 Paula Red 2¼" min 11.50-12	NY U.S. ExFcy Tydeman Red 2¼" up 15.00 U.S. Fancy Paula Red 2½" min 15.00
Apples, cartons tray pack, U.S. ExFcy		NY Ginger Gold 64s 23.50-24 72s 23.50-24.00	NY Jersey Mac 80s 22.00 Tydeman Red 100s 22.00
Apples, cartons cell pack		NY U.S. ExFcy Paula Red 80s 22.00	Carton cell pack ExFcy NY Jersey Mac 80s 21.00 100s 21.00 Comb U.S. ExFcy-Fancy Paula Red 80s-100s 19.50 U.S. Fancy Jersey Mac 80s 19.00 100s 18.00
Apples, bushel cartons loose U.S. Fancy		MI Gala 2 3/4" up 15.00 Ginger Gold 2 3/4"up 14.00 3" min 20.00 Paula Red 2 3/4" up 12.00
Blueberries, 12 1-pt cups/lids	MI 22.00-26.00	MI med-lge & med 24-28.50 mostly 28-28.50	MI med-lge 26.00-28.00
Blueberries, 12 1/2-pt cups/lids	MI 14.00-15.00	MI med-lge & med 18-18.50
Nectarines, 25 lb cartons loose, various yellow flesh varieties	IL 2½" up 15-17.00		NJ 2 3/8" up 17.50-18.00
Nectarines, ½ bu cartons loose, U.S. One various yellow flesh varieties		MI 2½" up 14.00-17.00 NJ 2 3/4" up 19.50-20.00 U.S. ExOne 2½" up 17.00
Peaches, 25 lb cartons loose, various yellow flesh varieties	MI 2¼" up 9.50-11		WV U.S. ExOne Redglobe 2 3/4" up 13.25 2½" up 8.25-10.00 PA U.S. Fancy Loring 2½" up 13.75-14.00
Peaches, ½ bu cartons/crates U.S. ExOne various yellow flesh varieties (unless noted)	IL 2½" min 12.00-13.00	NJ 2 3/4" up 17.00-18.00 White 2½" up 14.00-15.00 WV 2½" up 12.00-12.00 2¼" up 9.00-10.00
Peaches, ½ bu cartons/crates U.S. One various yellow flesh vr		MI 2 3/4" up 12.00-16.50 2½" up 12.50-13.50
Prune Plums, 30 lb cartons	MI Bluefire 1¼" up 12.00 - 12.50	MI U.S. One Stanley 1¼" min 14.00 - 16.00	MI U.S. One Stanley 1¼" min 14.00-15.50

The intent of listing terminal market prices is to provide information available in the public domain. It is not intended for price setting, only to assist growers in evaluating the value of their crops. Producers need to remember that the prices listed are gross, and consideration must be given to marketing costs, including commission, handling charge, gate fees, and possible lumper fees.  

Preliminary Monthly Climatological Data for Selected Ohio Locations, August, 2004

Temperatures in degrees F, Precipitation in inches

Table Created by Ted W. Gastier, OSU Extension from National Weather Service, OARDC & Local Data

Ted W. Gastier
Extension Agent, Agriculture
Tree Fruit Team Coordinator
Ohio State University Extension Huron County
180 Milan Avenue
Norwalk, OH 44857
Phone: (419)668-8210
FAX: (419)663-4233
E-mail: gastier.1@osu.edu

Copyright © The Ohio State University 2004

All educational programs conducted by Ohio State University Extension are available to clientele on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, creed, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, gender, age, disability or Vietnam-era veteran status.

Keith L. Smith, Associate Vice President for Ag. Adm. and Director, OSU Extension.

TDD No. 800-589-8292 (Ohio only) or 614-292-1868