In This Issue:

Calendar
Drought Conditions Persist as of Aug. 7th
Apple Notes
Details on Confirm 2F'
Pest Focus: Tufted Apple Bud Moth
Fruit Observations
Cumulative Trap Report on the Web:
Ohio Apple Scab, Fire Blight, and Sooty Blotch Activity- SkyBit Products
Degree Day Accumulations/Phenology

Calendar

September 21-23: Farm Science Review, Molly Caren Agricultural Center, London, Ohio, 8 am-5pm Tuesday and Wednesday, 8am-4pm Thursday.

Drought Conditions Persist as of Aug. 7th

Source: http://www.cpc.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/regional_monitoring/palmer.gif

Apple Notes

1). Many parts of Ohio remain dry, but relief from the excessive heat came this past week. Fruit growth continues below desired rates. Fruit diameter of Delicious is 2.41 in. and Gala, 2.33 in. The season appears a week ahead of normal, which means that applications of Retain on Delicious should go on in southern Ohio the end of this week or beginning of next with a delay of a week to 10 days for central and northern Ohio. Retain applications to all cultivars need to be applied 4 weeks ahead of expected harvest date and these times can be estimated based on normal relationship of the cultivar to Delicious harvest. There are several reports that Retain does not work well on trees under drought stress.

2). Stop Drop sprays of NAA are normally applied when the first sound fruit drops. The effect will begin 2-3 days after application and can last 7-10 days. A second application of NAA should be made within 7-10 days of the first application, if fruits are not harvested. NAA is generally less effective on trees under drought stress or with severely mite injured leaves.

3). As harvest approaches, this is an ideal time to think about how the fruit will be moved. Repair roads and fill holes so unnecessary bruising can be avoided.

4). Summer pruning--Some cultivars such as Macintosh are very sensitive to light and judicious summer pruning opens up the canopy and improves fruit color. The best time for summer pruning is now through the end of August. Less regrowth occurs if the cut is made back to the first fruiting spur on 2-3-year-old wood. Summer pruning can result in reduced soluble solids and reduced fruit size, if carried to excess. Normally on a mature tree, 7-15 years of age, 10-15 cuts/tree will not have adverse effects on fruit quality and can markedly improve color and movement through the orchard.

Details on Confirm 2F'

The new insecticide Confirm, made by Rohm & Haas Company, is now registered for use on bushberries and caneberries, as well as apples. Confirm is an insect growth regulator that interferes with the normal molting process in caterpillars. Caterpillars that feed on treated leaves stop feeding within several hours, but take several hours to die. On bushberries (blueberries, currants, elderberry, gooseberry, huckleberry), it controls cranberry fruitworm, cherry fruitworm, obliquebanded leafroller, redbanded leafroller and variegated leafroller at a rate of 16 fl. oz. per acre, and gypsy moth larvae at 4 to 8 fl. oz. per acre, with a 14 day preharvest interval. On caneberries (raspberries, blackberries, etc.), it controls obliquebanded leafroller, redbanded leafroller and variegated leafroller at the rate of 16 fl. oz. per acre, and gypsy moth larvae at 4 to 8 fl. oz. per acre, also with a 14 day preharvest interval.

Pest Focus: Tufted Apple Bud Moth

Although TABM belongs to a family of moths known as leafrollers, the leafrolling activity has little economic impact on the fruit grower and little physiological impact on the tree. It is when this insect webs a leaf onto the apple and feeds directly on the fruit that it becomes a pest. Damage appears as tiny holes (early instar feeding), as irregular scarring or gallerying of the apple surface, or as an area of rot, generally found around the stem. Rot or corking around the stem occurs usually after the larvae have finished feeding and have pupated. Larvae occasionally enter the apple calyx and feed unnoticed within the seed cavity. Most damage to apples is caused by second-brood feeding, although in some years first-brood damage can exceed that caused by the following generation. Damage to fruits destined for fresh markets has a greater economic impact, since their cash value is much higher than that of processing grade apples. Generally, bud moth injury does not reduce the grade of processing apples, but it can affect the storage ability of those apples by promoting decay.

Control measures should be aimed at the eggs and early instar larvae, because later instars are difficult to control once they're webbed in folded leaves. The second brood is usually expected between August 5 and September 5.

Fruit Observations

Site: Waterman Farm, Columbus
Source: Dr.Celeste Welty, OSU Extension Entomologist
Traps Used: AM = red balls SJS = tent trap, others = wing traps

Apple: 8/4 - 8/11

RBLR: 10 (down from 15)
STLM: 222 (up from 72)
SJS: 659 (up from 309)
CM (mean of 3 traps): 2.7 (down from 5.7)
AM (mean of 3 traps ) 0.3 (up from 0.0)
TABM: 2 (same as last week)
VLR: 9 (down from 17)
OBLR: 0 (same as last week)

OFM: 1 (down from 6)
LPTB: 3 (down from 7)
PTB: 8 (down from 10)

Site: East District; Erie & Lorain Counties
Source: Jim Mutchler, IPM Scout
Traps Used: AM = red balls, SJS = tent traps STLM = wing traps Others = Multipher® traps

Apple: 8/4 - 8/10

RBLR: 6.3 down from 7.9)
STLM: 425 (down from 500)
SJS: 1.1 (down from 17.7
CM (mean of 3 traps): 2.0 (up from 1.3)
OBLR: 2.5 (up from 1.5)
VLR: 2.0 (down from 4.5)
AM (sum of 3 traps): 1.2 (up from 0.6)
TABM: 42 (down from 43)

OFM: 13.3 (down from 14.0)
RBLR: 6.0 (down from 7.5)
LPTB: 32.3 (up from 14.8)
PTB: 2.5 (down from 3.0)

Beneficials at work: Lacewings everywhere, Stethorus punctum, and other lady beetles

Site: West District; Huron, Ottawa, & Sandusky Counties
Source: Gene Horner, IPM Scout
Traps Used: AM = red balls, SJS = tent traps STLM = wing trap Others = Multipher® traps

Apple: 8/4 - 8/10

RBLR: 19.9 (down from 25.0)
STLM: 427 (down from 665)
SJS: 2.3 (down from 4.3)
CM (mean of 3 traps): 0.8 (down from 1.6)
OBLR: 2.0 (down from 4.0)
VLR: 12 (down from 29.5)
AM (sum of 3 traps) 0.4 (Up from 0.1)
FTLR: 0 (same as last week)

OFM: 0 (down from 7.5)
RBLR: 11.5 (down from 25.0)
LPTB: 14.5 (up from 12.5)
PTB: 1.0 (down from 3.0)

Beneficials at work: Lacewing eggs, predator mites, banded thrips

Site: Wayne County
Source: Ron Becker, Program Assistant, Agriculture and IPM, Ohio State University Extension

Apple: 8/5 - 8/11

STLM: 99 (up from 59)
CM (mean of 3 traps) 6.1 (down from 7.9)
RBLR: 2.5 (up from 2.3)
OBLR: 1 (same as last week)
AM (mean of 3 traps) 0.6 (down from 1.9)

OFM: 25 (down from 27 )
LPTB: 5 (down from 13 )
PTB: 2 (same as last week)

Cumulative Trap Report on the Web:

http://www.ag.ohio-state.edu/~ipm/fruit/frpest.htm

Ohio Apple Scab, Fire Blight, and Sooty Blotch Activity- SkyBit Products

Apple Scab:
August 1, 8, 11 possible infection & damage
August 2- 7, 9, 10 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 12, 16-18 active but no infection
August 13-15 possible infection and damage

Fire Blight:
August 1, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11 possible infection and damage; August 2, 5 not active
August 3, 6, 9 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 12, 18 not active

August 13-17 possible infection and damage

Sooty Blotch:
August 1-11 possible infection and damage
Based on Forecasts; August 12-18 possible infection and damage

Apple Scab:
August 1, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11 possible infection & damage
August 2-4, 6, 9 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 12, 16-18 active but no infection

August 13-15 possible infection and damage

Fire Blight:
August 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11 possible infection and damage; August 2, 9 not active
August 3, 6, active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 12-15, 17, 18 possible infection and damage

August 16 not active

Sooty Blotch:
August 1 - 10 active but no infection; August 11 Possible infection and damage
Based on Forecasts; August 12-18 possible infection and damage

Apple Scab:
August 1, 4, 5, 7, 8 possible infection & damage
August 2, 3 , 6, 9-11 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 12, 16-18 active but no infection

August 13-15 possible infection and damage

Fire Blight:
August 1, 4 -8, 10, 11 possible infection and damage; August 2, 3, 9 not active
Based on Forecasts; August 12-18 possible infection and damage

Sooty Blotch:
August 1-11 possible infection and damage
Based on Forecasts; August 12-18 possible infection and damage

Apple Scab:
August 1, 4 -8, 11 possible infection & damage
August 2, 3 , 9, 10 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 12, 16-18 active but no infection

August 13-15 possible infection and damage

Fire Blight:
August 1, 4 -8, 10, 11 possible infection and damage; August 2, 3, 9 not active
Based on Forecasts; August 12 Not active

August 13-18 possible infection and damage

Sooty Blotch:
August 1-10 active but no infection; August 11 possible infection and damage
Based on Forecasts; August 12-18 possible infection and damage

Apple Scab:
August 1, 4 -8, 10, 11 possible infection & damage
August 2, 3, 9 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 12, 15-18 active but no infection

August 13, 14 possible infection and damage

Fire Blight:
August 1, 4-8, 10, 11 possible infection and damage; August 2, 3 , 9 not active
Based on Forecasts; August 12-14, 17 possible infection and damage

August 15, 16, 18 not active

August 1-11 possible infection and damage
Based on Forecasts; August 12-18 possible infection and damage

Degree Day Accumulations for Selected Ohio Sites January 1, 1999 to date indicated

Phenology

	Range of Degree Day Accumulations
Coming Events	Base 43° F	Base 50° F
Codling moth 2nd flight peak	1587-3103	1061-2212
Peachtree borer flight subsiding	2230-3255	1497-2309
Redbanded leafroller 3rd flight begins	2389-3113	1722-2209
Spotted tentiform leafminer 3rd flight peak	2415-3142	1728-2231
San Jose scale 2nd flight subsides	2494-3257	1662-2303
Redbanded leafroller 3rd flight peak	2514-3225	1818-2625
Obliquebanded leafroller 2nd flight peak	2634-3267	1789-2231
Apple maggot flight subsides	2764-3656	1904-2573
Lesser peachtree borer flight subsiding	2782-3474	1796-2513
Codling moth 2nd flight subsides	2782-3693	1796-2635

Thanks to Scaffolds Fruit Journal (Art Agnello)

Ted W. Gastier
Extension Agent, Agriculture
Tree Fruit Team Coordinator
Ohio State University Extension Huron County
180 Milan Avenue
Norwalk, OH 44857
Phone: (419)668-8210
FAX: (419)663-4233
E-mail: gastier.1@osu.edu

Information presented above and where trade names are used, they are supplied with the understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement by Ohio State University Extension is implied. Although every attempt is made to produce information that is complete, timely, and accurate, the pesticide user bears responsibility of consulting the pesticide label and adhering to those directions.

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Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Keith L. Smith, Director, Ohio State University Extension.

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