In This Issue:

Calendar
Cumulative Trap Report on the Web:
Drought Conditions Persist as of Aug. 14th
More Details on Confirm 2F
Entanglements - Fall Webworm
HACCP Rule
Fruit Observations
Ohio Apple Scab, Fire Blight, and Sooty Blotch Activity- SkyBit Products
Degree Day Accumulations/Phenology

Calendar

September 27: Annual Pumpkin Twilight Meeting, Hillsboro Research Site, Southern State Community College, Rte. 62 North, Hillsboro, 6:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. For more information contact Brad Bergefurd (800) 860-7232.

Cumulative Trap Report on the Web

http://www.ag.ohio-state.edu/~ipm/fruit/frpest.htm

Drought Conditions Persist as of Aug. 14th

Source: http://www.cpc.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/regional_monitoring/palmer.gif

More Details on 'Confirm 2F'

Details are now available about the use of the new insecticide Confirm on pome fruit. Confirm, made by Rohm & Haas Company, is an insect growth regulator that interferes with the normal molting process in caterpillars. Caterpillars that feed on treated leaves stop feeding within several hours but take several days to die. On apples and other pome fruit, Confirm is used at a rate of 20 fl oz. Per acre to control codling moth, obliquebanded leafroller, Pandemis leafroller, eyespotted budmoth, fruittree leafroller, redbanded leafroller, variegated leafroller, lesser appleworm, and green fruitworm. At a rate of 12 to 20 fl oz per acre, it controls tufted apple budmoth. It has a 14- day preharvest interval. There is a limit of 120 oz per acre per season. The label details the optimal timing for application to control each pest, based on temperatures following the start of the moth flight.

Entanglements

The appearance of some unsightly webbing in a few trees here and there reminds us of the perennial activities of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea, a tiger moth (Arctiidae) whose larva feeds on almost all shade, fruit, and ornamental trees except conifers. This is a widespread defoliator that exhibits a preference for American elm, maples, and hickory in this region, but a season with sparse OP sprays for apple maggot can bring the local populations into full view on apples and cherries.

Adult females, white moths with a few dark spots and a 1-inch wingspan, deposit eggs in early spring, and the yellowish tan larvae pass through many instars (10-11), feeding within a large, compact web they produce that often encloses a whole limb of foliage. When disturbed, all the larvae in the web make jerky movements in perfect rhythm, possibly as a defense mechanism.

According to Warren Johnson (Insects that Feed on Trees and Shrubs), nests of the fall webworm may be cut out of small trees and destroyed; alternatively, an application of a Bt material can be effective. Although foliage is the most common food of the webworms, they have been known to do significant damage to apple fruits through surface feeding. Normally, however, this insect is detrimental mainly to the beauty of the host and is thus more a nuisance than a true threat to the tree's health.

HACCP Rule

The FDA is currently drafting the final version of the HACCP rule. The key people involved in the drafting of this regulation were on a panel at the cider workshop in Washington, but would not speak about what was going to be in the new rule. Apparently, once they start drafting it, it is illegal for them to disclose what is in the rule. I expressed my frustration to them, and said that if they were going to pass a rule that was going to affect cider makers this coming season, we needed to know about it as soon as possible. They would not comment on when the rule was likely to be completed or when it would take effect from. However, they did explain the process the rule must go through.

My understanding is that once the rule has been written, it needs to go to the President and then to Congress for 30 days, not so much for approval as for them to view it. Reading between the lines, I'd be very surprised to see this being implemented for the coming season. Also, it seems likely that there will be a phase-in period depending on the size of the producer.

Fruit Observations

Site: Waterman Farm, Columbus
Source: Dr.Celeste Welty, OSU Extension Entomologist
Traps Used: AM = red balls, SJS = tent traps, Others = wing traps

Apple: 8/11 - 8/18

RBLR: 7 (down from 10)
STLM: 845 (up from 222)
SJS: 1033 (up from 659)
CM (mean of 3 traps): 5.7 (up from 2.7)
AM (mean of 3 traps ) 0 (down from 0.3)
TABM: 3 (up from 2)
VLR: 7 (down from 9)
OBLR: 0 (unchanged)

OFM: 5 (up from 1)
LPTB: 10 (up from 3)
PTB: 4 (down from 8)

Apple: 8/11 - 8/17

RBLR: 12.9 (up from 6.3)
SJS: 3.7 (up from 1.1)
CM (mean of 3 traps): 2.2 (up from 2.0)
OBLR: 7.0 (up from 2.5)
VLR: 2.5 (down from 2.0)
AM (sum of 3 traps): 1.27 (up from 1.2)
TABM: 41 (down from 42)

OFM: 11.3 (down from 13.3)
RBLR: 9.5 (up from 6.0)
LPTB: 30.0 (down from 32.3)
PTB: 0.8 (down from 2.5)

Beneficials at work: Lacewings everywhere, Stethorus punctum and other lady beetles, predator mites, orange maggot

Site: West District; Huron, Ottawa, & Sandusky Counties
Source: Gene Horner, IPM Scout
Traps Used: AM = red balls, SJS = tent traps, STLM = wing traps, Others = Multipher traps

Apple: 8/11 - 8/17

RBLR: 29.7 (up from 19.9)
SJS: 1.0 (down from 2.3)
CM (mean of 3 traps): 1.0 (up from 0.8)
OBLR: 0.0 (down from 2.0)
VLR: 22.5 (up from 12)
AM (sum of 3 traps) 0.4 (unchanged)
FTLR: 0 (unchanged)

OFM: 1.5 (down from 0)
RBLR: 34.5 (up from 11.5)
LPTB: 21.0 (up from 14.5)
PTB: 1.0 (unchanged)

Beneficials at work: Lacewing eggs, predator mites, banded thrips, Stethorus punctum and other lady beetles

Site: Wayne County
Source:Ron Becker, Program Assistant, Agriculture and IPM, Ohio State University Extension

Apple: 8/12 - 8/18

STLM: 71 (down from 99)
CM (mean of 3 traps) 6.1 (Unchanged)
RBLR: 7.4 (up from 2.5)
OBLR: 0.5 (down from 1)
AM (mean of 3 traps) 0.2 (down from 0.6)

OFM: 28 (up from 25 )
LPTB: 26 (up from 5)
PTB: 6 (up from 2)

Codling moth damage found on Macs and Jonathans. ERM still present, mostly below threshold. AM flies are being found on red ball traps, but below threshold levels. Two-spotted and ERM are still active in below threshold numbers in peaches. A few fruit found with Oriental fruit moth damage.

Ohio Apple Scab, Fire Blight, and Sooty Blotch Activity- SkyBit Products

Apple Scab:
August 1, 8, 11, 13-17 possible infection & damage
August 2- 7, 9, 10, 12, 18 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 19, 20, 23-25 active but no infection

August 21, 22 possible infection and damage

Fire Blight:
August 1, 4, 7, 8, 10-15, 17 possible infection and damage; August 2, 5, 18 not active
August 3, 6, 9, 16 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 19, 21, 22, 25 possible infection and damage

August 20, 23, 24 not active

Sooty Blotch:
August 1-18 possible infection and damage
Based on Forecasts; August 19-25 possible infection and damage

Apple Scab:
August 1, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13-15, 18 possible infection & damage
August 2-4, 6, 9, 12, 16, 17 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 19-22 possible infection and damage

August 23-25 active but no infection

Fire Blight:
August 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 17, 18 possible infection and damage
August 2, 9, 12 not active
August 3, 6, 15, 16 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 19-22 possible infection and damage

August 23-25 not active

Sooty Blotch:
August 1-10 active but no infection; August 11-18 Possible infection and damage
Based on Forecasts; August 19-25 possible infection and damage

Apple Scab:
August 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 13-15 possible infection & damage
August 2, 3 , 6, 9-12, 16-18 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 19, 22 possible infection and damage

August 20, 21, 23-25 active but no infection

Fire Blight:
August 1, 4 -8, 10, 11, 13-15 possible infection and damage;
August 2, 3, 9, 12, 16-18 not active
Based on Forecasts; August 19, 21, 22, 24, 25 possible infection and damage

August 20, 23 Not active

Sooty Blotch: August 1-18 possible infection and damage
Based on Forecasts; August 19-25 possible infection and damage

Apple Scab:
August 1, 4 -8, 11, 13, 14 possible infection & damage
August 2, 3 , 9, 10, 12, 15-18 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 19-21, 23-25 active but no infection

August 22 possible infection and damage

Fire Blight:
August 1, 4 -8, 10-14 possible infection and damage; August 2, 3, 9, 16-18 not active
Based on Forecasts; August 19, 20 Not active

August 21-25 possible infection and damage

Sooty Blotch:
August 1-10 active but no infection; August 11-18 possible infection and damage
Based on Forecasts; August 19-25 possible infection and damage

Apple Scab:
August 1, 4 -8, 10, 11, 13, 14 possible infection & damage
August 2, 3, 9, 12, 15-18 active but no infection
Based on Forecasts; August 19, 22 possible infection and damage

August 20, 21, 23-25 active but no infection

Fire Blight:
August 1, 4-8, 10, 11, 13, 14 possible infection and damage
August 2, 3 , 912, 15-18 not active
Based on Forecasts; August 19, 21, 22, 24 possible infection and damage

August 20, 23, 25 not active

Sooty Blotch:
August 1-18 possible infection and damage
Based on Forecasts; August 19-25 possible infection and damage

Degree Day Accumulations for Selected Ohio Sites January 1, 1999 to date indicated

Phenology

	Range of Degree Day Accumulations
Coming Events	Base 43° F	Base 50° F
Spotted tentiform leafminer 3rd flight peak	2415-3142	1728-2231
San Jose scale 2nd flight subsides	2494-3257	1662-2303
Redbanded leafroller 3rd flight peak	2514-3225	1818-2625
Obliquebanded leafroller 2nd flight peak	2634-3267	1789-2231
Apple maggot flight subsides	2764-3656	1904-2573
Lesser peachtree borer flight subsiding	2782-3474	1796-2513
Codling moth 2nd flight subsides	2782-3693	1796-2635
Oriental fruit moth 3rd flight subsides	2987-3522	2018-2377
Redbanded leafroller 3rd flight subsides	3103-3433	2013-2359
Spotted tentiform leafminer 3rd flight subsides	3235-3471	2228-2472

Thanks to Scaffolds Fruit Journal (Art Agnello)

Ted W. Gastier
Extension Agent, Agriculture
Tree Fruit Team Coordinator
Ohio State University Extension Huron County
180 Milan Avenue
Norwalk, OH 44857
Phone: (419)668-8210
FAX: (419)663-4233
E-mail: gastier.1@osu.edu

Information presented above and where trade names are used, they are supplied with the understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement by Ohio State University Extension is implied. Although every attempt is made to produce information that is complete, timely, and accurate, the pesticide user bears responsibility of consulting the pesticide label and adhering to those directions.

All educational programs conducted by Ohio State University Extension are available to clientele on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, creed, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, gender, age, disability or Vietnam-era veteran status.

Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Keith L. Smith, Director, Ohio State University Extension.

TDD # 1 (800) 589-8292 (Ohio only) or (614) 292-1868