INFO-BUG


Crop Selected: Alfalfa
Crop Development: Second cutting (early summer)
Pest Selected: Potato Leafhopper (PLH) Empoasca fabae

Biology

Potato leafhoppers migrate from the Gulf region each year, and the first adults can be detected in Ohio in late May or early June - about the time first cutting is harvested.

PLH is a sucking insect which excretes a toxin while feeding which stunts alfalfa plant growth. As a result, relatively low numbers of PLH are capable of reducing alfalfa yield. Significant PLH infestations may affect the following year's plant growth.

PLH passes through multiple generations per year. Both the adult and immature nymphs are important in causing injury and accurate identification is essential for assessment of potential injury.

Click to see

PLH adult PLH nymph

Assessment

Ten pendulum sweeps should be taken with a sweep net from each of 3 or 5 randomly selected areas of an alfalfa field depending on the field size.

The treatment threshold varies with the height of alfalfa, since small plants are more susceptible to PLH than larger plants.

If the number of PLH collected per 10 sweeps is greater than the height of the alfalfa stand expressed in inches, then corrective action is warranted.

In addition, one should consider the following:

1. Stand stress (dry conditions may lower threshold).
2. Effect of current weather conditions on sampling.
3. Value of stand in relation to cost of treatment.

Control

Recommended controls include the following:

Ambush* @ 0.1-0.2 lb a.i./A
Baythroid* 2 @ 0.8 to 1.6 fl oz/A
Furadan* 4F @ 1 to 1.5 pt/A
Imidan 70WP @ 1.4 lb/A
Lorsban* 4E @ 1 to 2 pt/A
Mustang* @ 2.4 to 4.3 oz/A Pounce* 3.2EC @ 0.1-0.2lb a.i./A
Sevin @ 1 lb a.i./A
Warrior* 1CS @ 1.92 to 3.20 fl oz/A

* Use is restricted to certified applicators.

If stand height is 16 inches or more, early harvest should be considered in place of treatment. However, regrowth should be monitored since PLH impact is greatest on initial growth.

Early harvest will reduce significantly PLH activity. If stubble treatment is required, time should be allowed for sufficient regrowth (3 or 4 inches) to hold treatment residue.


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