This project was designed to further study and evaluate the effectiveness of the use of insect lure traps and mechanical traps as a tool in determining the need and timing of insect control measures in commercial apple production.
Pest monitoring techniques tested included (1) weekly scouting using a general procedure of weekly monitoring of traps during critical periods of likely pressure from codling moth and apple maggot.
Three traps for each insect pest were located at strategic locations in each orchard. Fruit growers were trained prior to the start of the growing season on target insect identification, trap construction and management. Cooperators read the traps and replaced lures as needed. Weekly field reports of trap findings were mailed to the Ohio State University Entomology Extension Office. Findings assisted the ICM Newsletter staff in alerting growers to potential peaks in insect pressure. Findings were shared through the state-wide Newsletter as well as shared during regional field meetings held during the 1993 growing season by the authors.
Growers were instructed to follow the Michigan State University guidelines for codling moth: As soon as pheromone traps catch an average of three moths per trap per week, use that time as the "bio-fix" to start counting degree days and apply a cover spray after 250 degree days have accumulated. Growers were conveyed information on degree day accumulation supplied for various communities by the Ohio Agricultural Statistics Service. Many growers compiled their own degree day information through reporting from weather band radios.
Baited apple maggot traps were placed in orchards in very late June to early July. Traps were read each week, cleaned and renewed for the following week. No treatment of insecticide was recommended until a cumulative total of five apple maggot flies per trap are caught. Once a cumulative total of five flies per trap (or 15 flies per planting) are collected, a spray was recommended. Traps were maintained through August.
Growers were provided update information on insect identification, trap maintenance, and the use of trap findings through three regional field meetings during the 1993 growing season, telephone consultations, special new alerts and the ten issue "East District Fruit Newsletter compiled by the mini-grant authors.
CODLING MOTH PHEROMONE TRAPPING - EAST DISTRICT, OHIO - 1993 (MEAN OF 3 TRAPS)
| FAIRFIELD CO. | MUSKINGUM CO. | MORGAN CO. | COSHOCTON CO. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Hugus) | (Thomas) | (Cherry) | (Siegrist) | ||||
| DATE | MEAN | DATE | MEAN | DATE | MEAN | DATE | MEAN |
| 5/12(7d) | 1.3 | 5/7 (-d) | 1.3 | ||||
| 5/19(7d) | 0.7 | 5/14(7d) | 1.7 | 5/16(7d) | 1.0 | ||
| 5/25(7d) | 0.0 | 5/21(7d) | 0.3 | 5/23(12d) | 0.3 | 5/23(7d) | 0.0 |
| 6/2 (7d) | 1.0 | 5/28(7d) | 0.7 | 5/30(7d) | 0.0 | 5/30(7d) | 0.3 |
| 6/7 (7d) | 1.0 | 6/4 (7d) | 0.0 | 6/6 (7d) | 0.0 | 6/5 (6d) | 0.0 |
| 6/15(7d) | 1.3 | 6/11(7d) | 0.3 | 6/13(7d) | 0.3 | 6/12(7d) | 0.7 |
| 6/22(7d) | 0.3 | 6/20(9d) | 0.0 | 6/20(7d) | 1.3 | 6/20(8d) | 0.3 |
| 6/29(7d) | 1.7 | 6/26(7d) | 0.0 | 6/27(7d) | 0.7 | 6/27(7d) | 0.7 |
| 7/6 (8d) | 0.3 | 7/3 (7d) | 0.0 | 7/11(7d) | 0.3 | 7/6 (8d) | 0.0 |
| 7/13(7d) | 0.3 | 7/10(7d) | 0.3 | 7/18(7d) | 1.0 | 7/11(7d) | 0.0 |
| 7/20(7d) | 1.3 | 7/16(7d) | 0.0 | 7/18(7d) | 0.3 | ||
| 8/3(14d) | 2.7 | 7/27(8d) | 0.3 | 8/1 (7d) | 0.0 | 7/26(7d) | 0.3 |
| 8/11(8d) | 2.7 | 8/6(11d) | 1.0 | 8/8 (7d) | 1.3 | 7/31(6d) | 0.7 |
| 8/18(8d) | 3.3 | 8/16(10d) | 0.3 | 8/15(7d) | 0.3 | 8/7 (6d) | 0.7 |
| 8/25(8d) | 1.7 | 8/20 | 8/21(7d) | 2.7 | 8/15(8d) | 0.3 | |
| 9/1 (8d) | 0.0 | 8/29(7d) | 0.3 | 8/22(7d) | 1.0 | ||
| 9/5 (7d) | 2.0 | 8/31(7d) | 0.0 | ||||
| 9/12(7d) | 1.7 | 9/5 (7d) | 0.0 | ||||
| 9/19(7d) | 0.0 | ||||||
| 9/27(7d) | 0.0 | ||||||
| LICKING CO. | LICKING CO. | LICKING CO. | LICKING CO. | 2 EXTRA TRAPS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Maloney) | (Heartland) | NW/Highwater) | Lynd-Rush) | BY PACKING HOUSE | |||||
| (Lynd's) | |||||||||
| DATE | MEAN | DATE | MEAN | DATE | MEAN | DATE | MEAN | ||
| 5/10 | 0.0 | 5/13(5D) | 7.0 | 5/7 | 0.0 | ||||
| (1 trap only) | |||||||||
| 5/16(7d) | 7.0 | 5/17(7d) | 1.0 | 5/20(7d) | 4.7 | 5/14(7d) | 2.0 | ||
| (3 trap) | |||||||||
| 5/23(7d) | 0.0 | 5/24(7d) | 0.0 | 5/26(6d) | 1.0 | 5/21(7d) | 0.7 | ||
| 5/30(7d) | 8.7 | 5/31(7d) | 2.0 | 6/2 (7d) | 4.0 | ||||
| 6/6 (7d) | 3.0 | 6/7 (7d) | 1.3 | 6/9 (7d) | 3.3 | 6/4 (14d) | 3.7 | ||
| 6/13(7d) | 9.7 | 6/15(8d) | 0.0 | 6/18(9d) | 3.3 | 6/11(7d) | 2.7 | ||
| 6/20(7d) | 4.3 | 6/21(6d) | 0.0 | 6/26(8d) | 4.7 | 6/18(7d) | 2.0 | 11,13 | |
| 6/27(7d) | 5.7 | 6/28(7d) | 0.0 | 7/3 (7d) | 3.0 | 6/25(7d) | 5.0 | 1,7 | |
| 7/4 (7d) | 2.3 | 7/7 (9d) | 0.0 | 7/9 (6d) | 0.0 | 7/2 (7d) | 0.7 | 3,4 | |
| 7/11(7d) | 2.0 | 7/12(5d) | 0.0 | 7/16(7d) | 0.0 | 7/9 (7d) | 1.0 | 4,8 | |
| 7/18(7d) | 3.7 | 7/19(7d) | 0.0 | 7/22(6d) | 2.0 | 7/16(7d) | 0.0 | 1,3 | |
| (new lure) | |||||||||
| 7/25(7d) | 3.0 | 7/26(7d) | 1.3 | 7/29(7d) | 2.3 | 7/23(7d) | 1.0 | 0,0 | |
| 8/1 (7d) | 5.3 | 8/3 (8d) | 0.0 | 8/5 (7d) | 6.3 | 7/30(7d) | 1.0 | 1,10 | |
| 8/8 (7d) | 7.0 | 8/10(7d) | 0.0 | 8/16(7d) | 0.7 | 0,5 | |||
| 8/15(7d) | 6.3 | 8/17(7d) | 0.0 | 8/24(8d) | 2.3 | 0,12 | |||
| 8/22(7d) | 12.3 | 8/24(7d) | 0.0 | ||||||
| 8/29(7d) | 11.0 | 8/31(7d) | 0.0 | ||||||
| 9/5 (7d) | 2.7 | ||||||||
| FAIRFIELD CO. | MUSKINGUM CO. | MORGAN CO. | COSHOCTON CO. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Hargus) | (Thomas) | (Cherry) | (Siegrist) | ||||
| DATE | MEAN | DATE | MEAN | DATE | MEAN | DATE | MEAN |
| 7/6 (8d) | 0.0 | 7/3 (7d) | 0.0 | ||||
| 7/13(7d) | 0.0 | 7/10(7d) | 0.0 | 7/11(7d) | 0.0 | 7/11(7d) | 0.0 |
| 7/20(7d) | 0.0 | 7/16(7d) | 0.0 | 7/18(7d) | 0.0 | 7/18(7d) | 0.0 |
| 8/3(14d) | 0.7 | 7/27(8d) | 0.7 | 7/26(7d) | 0.3 | ||
| 8/11(8d) | 0.0 | 8/6 (11d) | 0.0 | 8/1 (7d) | 0.0 | 7/31(6d) | 1.0 |
| 8/18(8d) | 0.0 | 8/16(10d) | 0.0 | 8/8 (7d) | 0.0 | 8/7 (6d) | 0.3 |
| 8/25(8d) | 0.0 | 8/20(10d) | -- | 8/15(7d) | 0.0 | 8/15(8d) | 0.0 |
| 9/1 (8d) | 0.0 | 8/21(7d) | 0.0 | 8/22(7d) | 0.7 | ||
| 8/29(7d) | 0.3 | 8/31(7d) | 0.0 | ||||
| 9/5 (7d) | 0.0 | 9/5 (7d) | 0.0 | ||||
| 9/12(7d) | 0.7 | ||||||
| 9/19(7d) | 0.0 | ||||||
| 9/27(7d) | 0.0 | ||||||
| LICKING CO. | LICKING CO. | LICKING CO. | LICKING CO. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Maloney) | (Heartland) | (NW/Highwater) | (Lynd-Rush) | ||||
| DATE | MEAN | DATE | MEAN | DATE | MEAN | DATE | MEAN |
| 6/25(7d) | 0.0 | ||||||
| 7/4(6d) | 0.0 | 7/2 (7d) | 0.0 | ||||
| 7/11(7d) | 0.0 | 7/7 (9d) | 0.0 | 7/9 (7d) | 0.0 | 7/18(7d) | 0.0 | 7/12(5d) | 0.0 | 7/16(7d) | 0.0 |
| 7/25(7d) | 0.7 | 7/19(7d) | 0.0 | 7/22(6d) | 0.0 | 7/23(7d) | 0.0 |
| 8/1 (7d) | 0.0 | 7/26(7d) | 0.0 | 7/29(7d) | 0.0 | 7/30(7d) | 0.0 |
| 8/8 (7d) | 0.0 | 8/3 (8d) | 0.0 | 8/5 (7d) | 0.0 | 8/16(7d) | 0.3 |
| 8/15(7d) | 0.0 | 8/10(7d) | 0.0 | 8/24(8d) | 0.0 | ||
| 8/22(7d) | 0.0 | 8/17(7d) | 0.0 | ||||
| 8/29(7d) | 0.0 | 8/24(7d) | 0.0 | ||||
| 9/5(7d) | 0.0 | 8/31(7d) | 0.0 | ||||
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